(B) Polytene chromosomes are giant chromosomes that are common to many dipteran flies. They were first discovered by $E.G. Balbiani$ in $1881$ in the

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(B) Polytene chromosomes are giant chromosomes that are common to many dipteran flies. They were first discovered by $E.G. Balbiani$ in $1881$ in the salivary glands of $Chironomus$ larvae. These chromosomes are formed by repeated rounds of $DNA$ replication without cell division,a process known as endoreduplication.