What is the process of removing introns and joining exons in a defined order during transcription called?

In which direction is $m-RNA$ synthesized on a $DNA$ template?

Which stage of the transcription process is shown in the figure below?

$A$: Single $DNA$ dependent $DNA$ polymerase catalyses transcription of all types of $RNA$ in all except bacteria.
$R$: Structural genes in bacteria are monocistronic.

During transcription,if the nucleotide sequence of the $DNA$ template strand is $ATACG$,what will be the nucleotide sequence in the $mRNA$?

In capping,.......... is added to the $5'$ end of $hnRNA$.