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(A) $RNA$ interference $(RNAi)$ is a method of cellular defense used by all eukaryotic organisms to silence specific genes. In agriculture,this techni

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Nematodes

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(A) $RNA$ interference $(RNAi)$ is a method of cellular defense used by all eukaryotic organisms to silence specific genes. In agriculture,this technique is specifically used to develop resistance against nematodes. For example,the nematode $Meloidogyne$ $incognita$ infects the roots of tobacco plants,causing a significant reduction in yield. By introducing nematode-specific genes into the host plant using $Agrobacterium$ vectors,double-stranded $RNA$ $(dsRNA)$ is produced. This $dsRNA$ initiates $RNAi$,which silences the essential genes of the nematode,thereby preventing the parasite from surviving in the transgenic host.

The process of $RNA$ interference is used for the development of pest-resistant plants against . . . . . . .

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