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(A) $VNTR$ stands for Variable Number Tandem Repeats,which belongs to a class of satellite $DNA$ known as mini-satellites.In $VNTR$,a small $DNA$ sequ

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Variable Number Tandem Repeats

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(A) $VNTR$ stands for Variable Number Tandem Repeats,which belongs to a class of satellite $DNA$ known as mini-satellites.In $VNTR$,a small $DNA$ sequence is arranged tandemly in many copy numbers.The copy number varies from chromosome to chromosome in an individual,resulting in a high degree of polymorphism.As a result,the size of $VNTR$ varies in size from $0.1$ to $20$ $kb$.After hybridization with $VNTR$ probes,the autoradiogram gives many bands of differing sizes.These bands give a characteristic pattern for an individual's $DNA$ and differ from individual to individual in a population,except in the case of monozygotic twins.The sensitivity of this technique can be increased by using the Polymerase Chain Reaction $(PCR)$.Consequently,$DNA$ from a single cell is sufficient to perform $DNA$ fingerprinting analysis.Beyond forensic applications,it is used for determining population and genetic diversity,and many probes are used to generate $DNA$ fingerprints.

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