Provide the reactions of alcohols and phenols where the $O-H$ bond breaks to form $-OCOR$ (ester) compounds.

(N/A) Esterification: The reaction of alcohols and phenols with carboxylic acids,acid chlorides,and acid anhydrides to form esters is known as esterification.
$(i)$ Reaction of alcohol/phenol with acid $(R'COOH)$: This is an esterification reaction where the $O-H$ bond breaks.
$(ii)$ Reaction of alcohol/phenol with acid anhydride: In this reaction,the $O-H$ bond of the alcohol or phenol breaks to form $-OCOR'$. This reaction is carried out in the presence of a small amount of concentrated sulfuric acid and is reversible.
$(iii)$ Reaction of alcohol/phenol with acid chloride $(R'COCl)$: In this reaction,the $O-H$ bond breaks to form $-OCOR'$. This reaction is carried out in the presence of a base,pyridine,to neutralize the $HCl$ formed,which shifts the equilibrium to the right (product side).
$(b)$ Acetylation: Acetylation is a type of esterification where the $-OH$ group is converted into $-COCH_3$. It involves the introduction of an acetyl group $(CH_3CO-)$ into alcohols and phenols. Acetylation of salicylic acid produces aspirin,which is a drug with analgesic,anti-inflammatory,and antipyretic properties.