What determines the position of an element in the periodic table?

Arrange the following in the increasing order of their energy:
$(i)$ $n = 2, l = 0, m_l = 0, m_s = +\frac{1}{2}$
$(ii)$ $n = 2, l = 1, m_l = +1, m_s = -\frac{1}{2}$
$(iii)$ $n = 3, l = 2, m_l = +1, m_s = -\frac{1}{2}$
$(iv)$ $n = 3, l = 1, m_l = -1, m_s = +\frac{1}{2}$

In the case of a hydrogen atom,which of the following transitions does not involve the absorption or emission of energy?

Energy of atomic orbitals in a particular shell is in the order

The total number of orbitals present for principal quantum number,$n=4$ is

The magnetic quantum number specifies