Define the following: $(i)$ Bonding electron pair $(ii)$ Lone pair of electrons.

(N/A) $(i)$ Bonding electron pair: The electron pairs that are shared between two atoms in a covalent bond are known as bonding electron pairs or shared pairs.
$(ii)$ Lone pair of electrons: The valence electron pairs that are not involved in bonding and remain on a single atom are known as lone pairs or non-bonding electron pairs.