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(A) The $lac$ operon in $E. coli$ consists of three structural genes: $lacZ$,$lacY$,and $lacA$.$lacZ$ encodes $\beta$-galactosidase,which hydrolyzes l

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Lactose metabolism

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(A) The $lac$ operon in $E. coli$ consists of three structural genes: $lacZ$,$lacY$,and $lacA$.$lacZ$ encodes $\beta$-galactosidase,which hydrolyzes lactose into glucose and galactose.$lacY$ encodes permease,which increases the permeability of the cell to $\beta$-galactosides like lactose.$lacA$ encodes transacetylase.Together,these proteins are essential for the uptake and metabolism of lactose in the cell.

The proteins encoded by all the structural genes of the $lac$ operon are essential for which process?

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