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(A) The correct matching is as follows:$(W)$ Placental mammals and Australian marsupials represent convergent evolution because they evolved similar t

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$W-ii, X-i, Y-iv, Z-iii$

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(A) The correct matching is as follows:$(W)$ Placental mammals and Australian marsupials represent convergent evolution because they evolved similar traits independently in similar habitats.$(X)$ Darwin's finches are a classic example of adaptive radiation,where different species evolved from a common ancestor.$(Y)$ The long neck of a giraffe is a classic example used to explain Lamarckism (theory of inheritance of acquired characters).$(Z)$ Forelimbs of whale and bat are homologous organs,which indicate divergent evolution (common ancestry).Thus,the correct sequence is $W-ii, X-i, Y-iv, Z-iii$.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(W)$ Placental mammals and Australian marsupials	$(i)$ Adaptive radiation
$(X)$ Darwin's finches	$(ii)$ Convergent evolution
$(Y)$ Giraffe	$(iii)$ Divergent evolution
$(Z)$ Forelimbs of whale and bat	$(iv)$ Lamarckism

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(a)$ Oparin and Haldane	$(i)$ Analogy
$(b)$ Haeckel	$(ii)$ Simulation of primitive Earth conditions
$(c)$ Miller	$(iii)$ Chemical evolution
$(d)$ Wings of bird and butterfly	$(iv)$ Embryological support for evolution

Match the following columns:

List-$I$ List-$II$

$(W)$ Placental mammals and Australian marsupials $(i)$ Adaptive radiation

$(X)$ Darwin's finches $(ii)$ Convergent evolution

$(Y)$ Giraffe $(iii)$ Divergent evolution

$(Z)$ Forelimbs of whale and bat $(iv)$ Lamarckism

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Match the following columns:
List-$I$ List-$II$
$(a)$ Oparin and Haldane $(i)$ Analogy
$(b)$ Haeckel $(ii)$ Simulation of primitive Earth conditions
$(c)$ Miller $(iii)$ Chemical evolution
$(d)$ Wings of bird and butterfly $(iv)$ Embryological support for evolution

Define and explain divergent evolution,convergent evolution,and mutation.

The $Malay$ $Archipelago$ stands for:

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Match the following columns: List-$I$ List-$II$ $(W)$ Placental mammals and Australian marsupials $(i)$ Adaptive radiation $(X)$ Darwin's finches $(ii)$ Convergent evolution $(Y)$ Giraffe $(iii)$ Divergent evolution $(Z)$ Forelimbs of whale and bat $(iv)$ Lamarckism