Which of the following are the $Key$ elements that cause variation in the physical and chemical conditions of an ecosystem?

Write a short note on:
$(a)$ Adaptations of desert plants and animals
$(b)$ Adaptations of plants to water scarcity
$(c)$ Behavioural adaptations in animals
$(d)$ Importance of light to plants
$(e)$ Effect of temperature or water scarcity and the adaptations of animals.

Describe various abiotic environmental factors.

Average temperature of thermal springs and deep sea hydrothermal vents exceeds (in $^{\circ} C$)

In which of the following habitats is the variation in soil temperature most significant?

Which of the following is the most important abiotic factor in a pond ecosystem?