$(a)$ List in tabular form the distinguishing features between longitudinal waves and transverse waves. Give an example of each.
$(b)$ State and define the characteristics associated with sound waves.

(N/A)

$LONGITUDINAL$ $WAVES$	$TRANSVERSE$ $WAVES$
$1.$ Particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation.	$1.$ Particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
$2.$ They can travel through solids,liquids,and gases.	$2.$ They can travel primarily through solids and on the surfaces of liquids.
$3.$ They consist of regions of compression and rarefaction.	$3.$ They consist of crests and troughs.
$4.$ Example: Sound waves in air.	$4.$ Example: Waves on a stretched string.

$(b)$ The characteristics of sound waves are:
$1.$ Frequency: The number of oscillations per unit time.
$2.$ Amplitude: The maximum displacement of the particles from their mean position.
$3.$ Time Period: The time taken to complete one full oscillation.
$4.$ Wavelength: The distance between two consecutive compressions or rarefactions.
$5.$ Pitch: The characteristic of sound that depends on frequency; higher frequency results in higher pitch.
$6.$ Timbre (Quality): The characteristic that allows us to distinguish between sounds of the same pitch and loudness produced by different sources.