$(i)$ Define a real image of an object.
$(ii)$ Name the mirror that:
$(a)$ can give a real as well as a virtual image of an object.
$(b)$ will always give a virtual image of the same size as the object.
$(c)$ will always give a virtual and diminished image of an object.
$(d)$ is used by a doctor in examining teeth.
$(iii)$ With the help of a ray diagram,explain the use of a concave mirror as a solar concentrator.

What is the unit of refractive index?

For a concave mirror,if the object distance $u = \infty$,then the image distance $v = ..........$.

Identify the device used as a spherical mirror or lens in the following cases,where the image formed is virtual and erect in each case.
$(a)$ Object is placed between the device and its focus,image formed is enlarged and behind it.
$(b)$ Object is placed between the focus and the device,image formed is enlarged and on the same side as that of the object.
$(c)$ Object is placed between infinity and the device,image formed is diminished and between the focus and optical centre on the same side as that of the object.
$(d)$ Object is placed between infinity and the device,image formed is diminished and between the pole and focus,behind it.

$(a)$ Water has a refractive index of $1.33$ and alcohol has a refractive index of $1.36$. Which of the two media is optically denser? Give a reason for your answer. Draw a ray diagram to show the path of a ray of light passing obliquely from water to alcohol.
$(b)$ The absolute refractive index of diamond is $2.42$ and the absolute refractive index of glass is $1.50$. Find the refractive index of diamond with respect to glass.

State the laws of refraction.