$A$ parallel plate capacitor is completely immersed in a liquid of resistivity $\rho = 0.25 \, \Omega m$ and relative permittivity $\epsilon_r = 80$. If the plates of the capacitor are connected to an alternating voltage source of $V = V_0 \sin(\omega t)$ at a frequency of $f = 0.4 \, GHz$,then the ratio of the amplitudes of the displacement current $(I_d)$ and conduction current $(I_c)$ is:

The capacitance of a capacitor is $2 \ pF$. If the electric field inside the capacitor changes at a rate of $10^{12} \ V \ s^{-1}$,the displacement current is ..... $A$.

Which current flows inside a capacitor when it is being charged? Explain.

Write inferences from Maxwell's equations.

What contradiction is found by using Ampere's circuital law to obtain the magnetic field during the charging of a capacitor?

Seawater at a frequency $f = 9 \times 10^{2} \, Hz$ has permittivity $\varepsilon = 80 \varepsilon_{0}$ and resistivity $\rho = 0.25 \, \Omega m$. Imagine a parallel plate capacitor is immersed in seawater and is driven by an alternating voltage source $V(t) = V_{0} \sin(2 \pi ft)$. Then the conduction current density becomes $10^{x}$ times the displacement current density after time $t = \frac{1}{800} \, s$. The value of $x$ is ......... . $\left(\frac{1}{4 \pi \varepsilon_{0}} = 9 \times 10^{9} \, Nm^{2} C^{-2}\right)$