$A$ particle is projected from the surface of the earth with a velocity equal to twice the escape velocity. When the particle is very far from the earth,its speed would be

The kinetic energy needed to project a body of mass $m$ from the earth's surface (radius $R$) to infinity is

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion $A$ and the other is labelled as Reason $R$.
Assertion $A$: Earth has an atmosphere,whereas the Moon does not have any atmosphere.
Reason $R$: The escape velocity on the Moon is very small compared to that on the Earth.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:

$A$ rocket is launched normal to the surface of the Earth,away from the Sun,along the line joining the Sun and the Earth. The Sun is $3 \times 10^5$ times heavier than the Earth and is at a distance $2.5 \times 10^4$ times larger than the radius of the Earth. The escape velocity from the Earth's gravitational field is $v_e = 11.2 \text{ km s}^{-1}$. The minimum initial velocity $(v_s)$ required for the rocket to be able to leave the Sun-Earth system is closest to:
(Ignore the rotation and revolution of the Earth and the presence of any other planet)

If $v_e$ is escape velocity and $v_0$ is orbital velocity of a satellite for an orbit close to the earth's surface,then these are related by:

The masses and radii of the earth and moon are $(M_1, R_1)$ and $(M_2, R_2)$ respectively. Their centers are at a distance $r$ apart. Find the minimum escape velocity for a particle of mass $m$ to be projected from the midpoint between these two masses.