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Question

(A) $BT$ cotton is a genetically modified organism $(GMO)$ created by introducing the $cry$ genes from the bacterium $Bacillus$ $thuringiensis$ into t

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Insect

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(A) $BT$ cotton is a genetically modified organism $(GMO)$ created by introducing the $cry$ genes from the bacterium $Bacillus$ $thuringiensis$ into the cotton plant.These $cry$ genes encode for crystal proteins ($Cry$ proteins) that are toxic to specific insect pests,such as lepidopterans (tobacco budworm,armyworm),coleopterans (beetles),and dipterans (flies,mosquitoes).When these insects ingest the plant tissue,the alkaline $pH$ of their gut activates the toxin,leading to the formation of pores in the midgut epithelium,which causes cell swelling,lysis,and eventually the death of the insect.Therefore,$BT$ cotton is specifically engineered for resistance against insect pests.

$BT$ cotton is resistant to

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