(B) The radioactive isotope of carbon,$C^{14}$,was used by Melvin Calvin in his experiments to trace the path of carbon in photosynthesis. This led to

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(B) The radioactive isotope of carbon,$C^{14}$,was used by Melvin Calvin in his experiments to trace the path of carbon in photosynthesis. This led to the discovery of the Calvin cycle (also known as the $C_3$ cycle). Therefore,$C^{14}$ is the correct isotope used for studying the carbon fixation pathway in photosynthesis.