Which of the following are included in the $Plantae$ kingdom as proposed by $Whittaker$?

Which medium is required for the transport of gametes in Algae,Bryophytes,and Pteridophytes?

Select the correct option by matching the given groups $(i)$ red algae,$(ii)$ green algae,$(iii)$ bryophytes,and $(iv)$ Pteridophytes with their respective characteristics $(P, Q, R, S)$:
$(P)$ Their gametophyte is called prothallus.
$(Q)$ Rhizoids are present,but they are not true roots.
$(R)$ Pyrenoids contain protein besides starch.
$(S)$ Red pigment,$r$-phycoerythrin,is present in their body.
Match the groups $(i, ii, iii, iv)$ with the characteristics $(P, Q, R, S)$ and select the correct sequence.

Match the following columns correctly:

Column $I$	Column $II$	Column $III$
$1$. Phycocyanin	$p$. Brown algae	$x$. Batrachospermum
$2$. Phycoerythrin	$q$. Blue-green algae	$y$. Sargassum
$3$. Fucoxanthin	$r$. Red algae	$z$. Nostoc

Match the plant with the kind of life cycle it exhibits:

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(a)$ Spirogyra	$(i)$ Dominant diploid sporophyte vascular plant,with highly reduced male or female gametophyte
$(b)$ Fern	$(ii)$ Dominant haploid free-living gametophyte
$(c)$ Funaria	$(iii)$ Dominant diploid sporophyte alternating with reduced gametophyte called prothallus
$(d)$ Cycas	$(iv)$ Dominant haploid leafy gametophyte alternating with partially dependent sporophyte

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

According to a system of plant classification,which of the following pairs represents the group $Spermatophyta$ correctly?