Which of the following pairs is suitable for the detailed study of secondary growth in plants?

In which stem is the lateral meristem absent?

An annual ring is formed by

Vascular cambium is responsible for cutting off..

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion $A$ and the other is labelled as Reason $R$:
Assertion $A$: Late wood has fewer xylary elements with narrow vessels.
Reason $R$: Cambium is less active in winters.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Periderm is produced from ..........