In the nuclear reaction $6C^{11} \rightarrow 5B^{11} + \beta^+ + X$,the particle $X$ is .......

$\alpha$-decay of a parent nucleus $X$ results in a daughter nucleus $Y$. If $m_x, m_y$ and $m_a$ are the masses of the parent nucleus, the daughter nucleus and the $\alpha$-particle respectively, then the net kinetic energy gained in the process is:

Which spectrum is continuous?

The nucleus $_{10}^{23} Ne$ decays by $\beta^{-}$ emission. Write down the $\beta^{-}$-decay equation and determine the maximum kinetic energy of the electrons emitted. Given that:
$m(_{10}^{23} Ne) = 22.994466 \; u$
$m(_{11}^{23} Na) = 22.989770 \; u$

Which ray contains positively charged particles?

$\gamma$-decay occurs when