Which of the following is the strongest o-p d | vedclass

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Question

(A) The strength of an $o-p$ directing group depends on its ability to donate electrons to the benzene ring via the resonance effect ($+R$ or $+M$ eff

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$OH$

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The strength of an $o-p$ directing group depends on its ability to donate electrons to the benzene ring via the resonance effect ($+R$ or $+M$ effect).Among the given options,the $-OH$ group has a strong $+R$ effect due to the lone pairs on the oxygen atom,which significantly increases the electron density at the ortho and para positions.Halogens like $-Cl$ and $-Br$ have a $+R$ effect but also a strong $-I$ (inductive) effect,which deactivates the ring.The phenyl group $(-C_6H_5)$ is also an $o-p$ director but is less activating than the $-OH$ group.Therefore,$-OH$ is the strongest $o-p$ directing group among the choices.

Which of the following is the strongest $o-p$ directing group?

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