$A$ fish rising vertically at the rate of $3 \, m/s$ to the surface of water observes a bird above the water,diving vertically towards it at the rate of $9 \, m/s$. The refractive index of water is $4/3$. Calculate the actual velocity (velocity $w.r.t$ ground) of the bird in $m/s$.

What is absolute refractive index? On what factors does it depend?

Monochromatic light of wavelength $589 \; nm$ is incident from air on a water surface. What are the wavelength,frequency,and speed of
$(a)$ reflected,and
$(b)$ refracted light? Refractive index of water is $1.33$.

Captain Jack Sparrow tries to observe a fish almost vertically below him in a magical sea of variable refractive index $\mu = y^2 + 1$,where $y$ is the depth below the water surface. Find the apparent depth of the fish below the water level as seen by Captain Jack Sparrow. The actual depth of the fish is $1 \ m$.

Light of wavelength $7200 \ \mathring{A}$ in air. It has a wavelength in glass $(\mu = 1.5)$ equal to.......$\mathring{A}$

$A$ concave mirror is placed on a horizontal surface and two thin uniform layers of different transparent liquids (which do not mix or interact) are formed on the reflecting surface. The refractive indices of the upper and lower liquids are $\mu_1$ and $\mu_2$ respectively. The bright point source at a height $d$ ($d$ is very large in comparison to the thickness of the film) above the mirror coincides with its own final image. The radius of curvature of the reflecting surface is