$A$ - Transformation is a procedure through which a piece of $DNA$ is introduced in a host bacterium.
$R$ - With the help of $PCR$,thousands of $DNA$ copies are formed.

Biotechnology is the modern branch of biology which deals with

The given figure shows the cloning vector $pBR322$. Identify the labels $A, B, C,$ and $D$ correctly.

Match the following columns:

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(a)$ $Salmonella$	$(1)$ $Ti$ plasmid
$(b)$ $E. coli$	$(2)$ Thermostable $DNA$ polymerase
$(c)$ $Agrobacterium$ $tumefaciens$	$(3)$ Plasmid for first $r-DNA$
$(d)$ $Thermus$ $aquaticus$	$(4)$ $EcoR I$

Which of the following statements is not true?
$I.$ $DNA$, being a hydrophilic molecule, cannot pass through cell membranes.
$II.$ $Agrobacterium$ $tumefaciens$ delivers a piece of $DNA$ known as $'T-DNA'$ in the $Ti$ plasmid, which transforms normal plant cells into tumour cells to produce chemicals against pathogens.
$III.$ Retrovirus, adenovirus, and papillomavirus are also now used as cloning vectors in animals because of their ability to transform normal cells into cancerous cells.
$IV.$ In genetic engineering, $DNA$ from different sources are cut with the same restriction enzymes so that both $DNA$ fragments have the same kind of sticky ends.
Choose the correct option.

Recombinant $DNA$ technology is related with