$A$ closed loop $PQRS$ carrying a current is placed in a uniform magnetic field. If the magnetic forces on segments $PS, SR$ and $RQ$ are $F_1, F_2$ and $F_3$ respectively and are in the plane of the paper and along the directions shown,the force on the segment $QP$ is

Answer the following questions:
$(a)$ $A$ magnetic field that varies in magnitude from point to point but has a constant direction (east to west) is set up in a chamber. $A$ charged particle enters the chamber and travels undeflected along a straight path with constant speed. What can you say about the initial velocity of the particle?
$(b)$ $A$ charged particle enters an environment of a strong and non-uniform magnetic field varying from point to point both in magnitude and direction,and comes out of it following a complicated trajectory. Would its final speed equal the initial speed if it suffered no collisions with the environment?
$(c)$ An electron travelling west to east enters a chamber having a uniform electrostatic field in north to south direction. Specify the direction in which a uniform magnetic field should be set up to prevent the electron from deflecting from its straight line path.

Two straight long conductors $AOB$ and $COD$ are perpendicular to each other and carry currents $i_1$ and $i_2$. The magnitude of the magnetic induction at a point $P$ at a distance $a$ from the point $O$ in a direction perpendicular to the plane $ACBD$ is

If two protons are moving with speed $v = 4.5 \times 10^{5} \, m/s$ parallel to each other,then the ratio of electrostatic and magnetic force between them is:

Two parallel beams of electrons moving in the same direction produce a mutual force:

The dimensional formula of $\frac{1}{2} \mu_0 H^2$ (where $\mu_0$ is the permeability of free space and $H$ is the magnetic field intensity) is: