$A$ gardener waters the plants using a pipe of diameter $1\,mm$. The water comes out at a rate of $10\,cm^3/s$. The reactionary force exerted on the hand of the gardener is:

$A$ jet of water having velocity $v = 10 \ m/s$ and stream cross-section $A = 2 \ cm^2$ hits a flat plate perpendicularly,with the water splashing out parallel to the plate. The plate experiences a force of ....... $N$.

$A$ pressure-pump has a horizontal tube of cross-sectional area $10 \, cm^{2}$ for the outflow of water at a speed of $20 \, m/s$. The force exerted on the vertical wall just in front of the tube,which stops the water horizontally flowing out of the tube,is $... N$ [Given: density of water $= 1000 \, kg/m^{3}$].

Some liquid is filled in a cylindrical vessel of radius $R$. Let $F_1$ be the force applied by the liquid on the bottom of the cylinder. Now the same liquid is poured into a vessel of uniform square cross-section of side $R$. Let $F_2$ be the force applied by the liquid on the bottom of this new vessel. Then:

Mercury is filled in a tube of radius $2 \,cm$ up to a height of $30 \,cm$. The force exerted by mercury on the bottom of the tube is . . . . . . $N$.
(Given: atmospheric pressure $P_0 = 10^5 \,N/m^2$,density of mercury $\rho = 1.36 \times 10^4 \,kg/m^3$,$g = 10 \,m/s^2$,$\pi = \frac{22}{7}$)

$A$ large vessel of height $H$ is filled with a liquid of density $\rho$ up to the brim. $A$ small hole of radius $r$ is made at the side vertical face,close to the base. The horizontal force required to stop the gushing of liquid is ...........