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(B) For the book to remain in equilibrium,the net force acting on it must be zero.$1$. The vertical forces acting on the book are its weight $mg$ acti

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$mg$ and upwards

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(B) For the book to remain in equilibrium,the net force acting on it must be zero.$1$. The vertical forces acting on the book are its weight $mg$ acting downwards and the static frictional force $f$ acting upwards from the wall.$2$. For the book not to move vertically,the frictional force must balance the weight of the book: $f = mg$.$3$. The horizontal forces are the applied force $F$ and the normal reaction $N$ from the wall. Since there is no horizontal motion,$N = F$.$4$. The maximum possible static friction is $f_{max} = \mu N = \mu F$. However,the actual static friction $f$ adjusts itself to balance the weight,provided $f \le f_{max}$.$5$. Therefore,the frictional force is $mg$ and acts upwards to prevent the book from falling.

$A$ girl holds a book of mass $m$ against a vertical wall with a horizontal force $F$ using her finger,so that the book does not move. The frictional force on the book by the wall is

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