$A$ recessive gene is one which

Given below are two statements:
Statement $I$:
Mendel studied seven pairs of contrasting traits in pea plants and proposed the Laws of Inheritance.
Statement $II$:
Seven characters examined by Mendel in his experiment on pea plants were seed shape and colour,flower colour,pod shape and colour,flower position and stem height.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Pure tall plants are crossed with pure dwarf plants. In the $F_1$ generation,all plants were tall. These tall plants of the $F_1$ generation were selfed,and the ratio of tall to dwarf plants obtained was $3:1$. This is called:

What is a cross between two genotypes or phenotypes where the source of gametes is reversed in one cross called?

$A$ recessive mutant is one which:

The cross used to determine the genotype of a plant showing a dominant phenotype is known as: