$A$ spring with a spring constant $1200 \; N m^{-1}$ is mounted on a horizontal table as shown in the figure. $A$ mass of $3 \; kg$ is attached to the free end of the spring. The mass is then pulled sideways to a distance of $2.0 \; cm$ and released. Let us take the position of the mass when the spring is unstretched as $x = 0$,and the direction from left to right as the positive direction of the $x$-axis. Give $x$ as a function of time $t$ for the oscillating mass if at the moment we start the stopwatch $(t = 0)$,the mass is:
$(a)$ at the mean position,
$(b)$ at the maximum stretched position,and
$(c)$ at the maximum compressed position.
In what way do these functions for $SHM$ differ from each other: in frequency,in amplitude,or in the initial phase?

Vedclass pdf generator app on play store
Vedclass iOS app on app store
(N/A) The functions have the same frequency and amplitude,but different initial phases.
Amplitude of oscillation,$A = 2.0 \; cm = 0.02 \; m$.
Force constant of the spring,$k = 1200 \; N m^{-1}$.
Mass,$m = 3 \; kg$.
Angular frequency of oscillation,$\omega = \sqrt{\frac{k}{m}} = \sqrt{\frac{1200}{3}} = \sqrt{400} = 20 \; rad s^{-1}$.
$(a)$ When the mass is at the mean position at $t = 0$,the initial phase is $0$. The displacement is $x = A \sin(\omega t) = 0.02 \sin(20t)$.
$(b)$ At the maximum stretched position (extreme right),the initial phase is $\frac{\pi}{2}$. The displacement is $x = A \sin(\omega t + \frac{\pi}{2}) = A \cos(\omega t) = 0.02 \cos(20t)$.
$(c)$ At the maximum compressed position (extreme left),the initial phase is $\frac{3\pi}{2}$ (or $-\frac{\pi}{2}$). The displacement is $x = A \sin(\omega t + \frac{3\pi}{2}) = -A \cos(\omega t) = -0.02 \cos(20t)$.
These functions for $SHM$ differ from each other only in their initial phases.

Explore More

Similar Questions

In the following questions,match Column-$I$ with Column-$II$ and choose the correct options.

Difficult
View Solution

The scale of a spring balance reading from $0$ to $10 \, kg$ is $0.25 \, m$ long. $A$ body suspended from the balance oscillates vertically with a period of $\pi / 10 \, s$. The mass suspended is ..... $kg$ (neglect the mass of the spring).

$A$ mass $m$ is suspended from a spring of length $l$ and force constant $K$. The frequency of vibration of the mass is $f_1$. The spring is cut into two equal parts and the same mass is suspended from one of the parts. The new frequency of vibration of the mass is $f_2$. Which of the following relations between the frequencies is correct?

$A$ block $A$ of mass $1\, kg$ is connected to two identical springs of spring constant $800\, N/m$ and is placed on a smooth horizontal surface as shown in the figure. Initially,the springs are relaxed. Now,the block $A$ is slightly displaced to the left and released. The time period of oscillation of the system is

Difficult
View Solution

In figure $(A)$,mass '$2m$' is fixed on mass '$m$' which is attached to two springs of spring constant $k$. In figure $(B)$,mass '$m$' is attached to two springs of spring constant '$k$' and '$2k$'. If mass '$m$' in $(A)$ and $(B)$ are displaced by distance '$x$' horizontally and then released,then the time periods $T_{1}$ and $T_{2}$ corresponding to $(A)$ and $(B)$ respectively follow the relation.

Vedclass Products

For Students

Vedclass Test Series

Mock tests in real JEE/NEET style with performance analysis. 5-day free trial.

Start Free Trial
For Teachers

Exam Paper Generator

Generate Set A/B/C/D exam papers from 7.5L+ questions in 2 minutes. 3 chapters free.

Try Free
For Institutes

Online Exam Module

Live online exams with unlimited students, 360° analytics & white-label branding.

See Demo