$A$ torch bulb rated as $4.5\, W$,$1.5\, V$ is connected as shown in the figure. The $e.m.f.$ of the cell needed to make the bulb glow at full intensity is ................ $V$.

Ten $60 \, W, 220 \, V$ bulbs are connected in series to a $220 \, V$ supply. The power consumed in the circuit is ......... $W$.

Consider a block of conducting material of resistivity $\rho$ shown in the figure. Current $I$ enters at $A$ and leaves from $D$. We apply the superposition principle to find the voltage $\Delta V$ developed between $B$ and $C$. The calculation is done in the following steps: $(i)$ Take current $I$ entering from $A$ and assume it to spread over a hemispherical surface in the block. $(ii)$ Calculate the field $E(r)$ at distance $r$ from $A$ by using Ohm's law $E=\rho j$,where $j$ is the current per unit area at $r$. $(iii)$ From the $r$ dependence of $E(r)$,obtain the potential $V(r)$ at $r$. $(iv)$ Repeat $(i), (ii)$ and $(iii)$ for current $I$ leaving $D$ and superpose results for $A$ and $D$. $\Delta V$ measured between $B$ and $C$ is

Find the percentage error in the reading of the voltmeter shown in the circuit. (in $\%$)

Electroplating does not help in

An electric kettle has two coils. When one coil is switched on,the tea gets heated in $10 \, \text{min}$. When the other coil is switched on,the same amount of tea gets heated in $40 \, \text{min}$. If both coils are connected in parallel,how long will it take to heat the same amount of tea (in $, \text{min}$)?