Ammonia forms the complex ion [Cu(NH_3)_4]^{2 | vedclass

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(B) Ammonia acts as a ligand because it donates its lone pair of electrons to $Cu^{2+}$ ions to form the $[Cu(NH_3)_4]^{2+}$ complex. This reaction oc

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

In acidic solutions protons coordinate with ammonia molecules forming $NH_4^+$ ions and $NH_3$ molecules are not available

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(B) Ammonia acts as a ligand because it donates its lone pair of electrons to $Cu^{2+}$ ions to form the $[Cu(NH_3)_4]^{2+}$ complex. This reaction occurs in a basic medium. In an acidic medium,the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom of ammonia is donated to $H^+$ ions (protons) to form ammonium ions $(NH_4^+)$. Since $NH_4^+$ does not possess a lone pair,it cannot act as a ligand,and thus the complex cannot form. The reaction is: $Cu^{2+}_{(aq)} + 4NH_3 \rightleftharpoons [Cu(NH_3)_4]^{2+}$ In the presence of acid: $NH_3 + H^+ \rightarrow NH_4^+$

Ammonia forms the complex ion $[Cu(NH_3)_4]^{2+}$ with copper ions in alkaline solutions but not in acidic solution. What is the reason for it?

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