Among bryophytes,lichens,and ferns,which one | vedclass

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(B) The species that first invade a bare area are called pioneer species. In a xeric succession (succession on bare rock),lichens are the pioneer spec

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Lichens

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(B) The species that first invade a bare area are called pioneer species. In a xeric succession (succession on bare rock),lichens are the pioneer species.Lichens produce lichen acids and carbonic acid,which weather the surface of the rock and release essential minerals for growth.As the rock weathers,soil particles accumulate,providing a suitable substrate for the subsequent growth of bryophytes and later pteridophytes (ferns like $Nephrolepis$).

Among bryophytes,lichens,and ferns,which one is a pioneer species in a xeric succession?

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