Amongst the following compounds:
$I.$ $H_5P_3O_{10}$
$II.$ $H_6P_4O_{13}$
$III.$ $H_5P_5O_{15}$
$IV.$ $H_7P_5O_{16}$
Which of these are non-cyclic phosphates?

Small quantities of $NO$ and $HNO_3$ are formed as impurities when $N_2$ is prepared from $NH_4Cl_{(aq)}$ and $NaNO_{2(aq)}$. These impurities can be removed by passing the $N_2$ gas through which of the following?

The correct code for stability of oxidation states for given cations is:
$(i)$ $Pb^{2+} > Pb^{4+}, Tl^{+} < Tl^{3+}$
$(ii)$ $Bi^{3+} < Sb^{3+}, Sn^{2+} < Sn^{4+}$
$(iii)$ $Pb^{2+} > Pb^{4+}, Bi^{3+} > Bi^{5+}$
$(iv)$ $Tl^{3+} < In^{3+}, Sn^{2+} > Sn^{4+}$
$(v)$ $Sn^{2+} < Pb^{2+}, Sn^{4+} > Pb^{4+}$
$(vi)$ $Sn^{2+} < Pb^{2+}, Sn^{4+} < Pb^{4+}$

$HCl$ reacts with $NH_3$ to produce white fumes of which compound?

$Fe$ is made passive by

White phosphorus contains