(A) The atomic number of copper $(Cu)$ is $29$. Electronic configuration of $Cu$ is $[Ar] 3d^{10} 4s^1$ or $2, 8, 18, 1$. When $Cu$ loses one electron

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(A) The atomic number of copper $(Cu)$ is $29$. Electronic configuration of $Cu$ is $[Ar] 3d^{10} 4s^1$ or $2, 8, 18, 1$. When $Cu$ loses one electron to form $Cu^{+}$,the configuration becomes $2, 8, 18$. In $Cu^{+}$,the outermost shell is the third shell $(n=3)$,which contains $18$ electrons. Thus,$Cu^{+}$ is the ion with $18$ electrons in its outermost shell.