An isolated rail car originally moving with s | vedclass

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Question

(C) The system consists of the rail car and all the sand. Since the track is frictionless and the rail car is isolated (no external horizontal forces

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

The momentum of the rail car $+$ all of the sand,both inside and outside the rail car,is conserved.

Vedclass · Answer

(C) The system consists of the rail car and all the sand. Since the track is frictionless and the rail car is isolated (no external horizontal forces are acting on the system),the net external force on the system in the horizontal direction is zero. According to the law of conservation of linear momentum,if the net external force on a system is zero,the total linear momentum of the system remains constant. As the sand pours out vertically,it carries no horizontal momentum relative to the ground because its horizontal velocity is the same as the rail car at the moment it leaves. Therefore,the total momentum of the rail car plus all the sand (inside and outside) is conserved. Option $(C)$ is correct.

An isolated rail car originally moving with speed $v_0$ on a straight,frictionless,level track contains a large amount of sand. $A$ release valve on the bottom of the car malfunctions,and sand begins to pour out straight down relative to the rail car. Is momentum conserved in this process?

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