An oxygen cylinder of volume $30 \; L$ has an initial gauge pressure of $15 \; atm$ and a temperature of $27 \; ^{\circ}C$. After some oxygen is withdrawn from the cylinder,the gauge pressure drops to $11 \; atm$ and its temperature drops to $17 \; ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the mass (in $kg$) of oxygen taken out of the cylinder ($R = 8.31 \; J \; mol^{-1} K^{-1}$,molecular mass of $O_{2} = 32 \; u$).

There are two vessels filled with an ideal gas where the volume of one is double the volume of the other. The large vessel contains the gas at $8 \ kPa$ at $1000 \ K$,while the smaller vessel contains the gas at $7 \ kPa$ at $500 \ K$. If the vessels are connected to each other by a thin tube allowing the gas to flow and the temperature of both vessels is maintained at $600 \ K$,at steady state the pressure in the vessels will be (in $kPa$).

What is the equation of state for $8 \, g$ of $O_2$?

An open glass tube is immersed in mercury such that a length of $8 \ cm$ extends above the mercury level. The open end of the tube is then closed and sealed,and the tube is raised vertically by an additional $46 \ cm$. What will be the length of the air column above the mercury in the tube now? (Atmospheric pressure = $76 \ cm$ of $Hg$)

One mole of an ideal gas passes through a process where pressure and volume obey the relation $P = P_0 \left[ 1 - \frac{1}{2} \left( \frac{V_0}{V} \right)^2 \right]$. Here $P_0$ and $V_0$ are constants. Calculate the change in the temperature of the gas if its volume changes from $V_0$ to $2V_0$.

The volume of a gas at $30^{\circ} C$ temperature and $760 \ mm$ of $Hg$ pressure is $100 \ cc$. Then its volume at the same temperature and $400 \ mm$ of $Hg$ is (in $cc$)