Arrange the following compounds in decreasing | vedclass

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(A) The acidic strength of phenols depends on the nature of the substituents attached to the benzene ring. Electron-withdrawing groups $(EWG)$ increas

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$A > B > C > D$

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(A) The acidic strength of phenols depends on the nature of the substituents attached to the benzene ring. Electron-withdrawing groups $(EWG)$ increase acidity,while electron-donating groups $(EDG)$ decrease it.$A$: $p$-Nitrophenol ($-NO_2$ is a strong $EWG$ at para position,strong $-I$ and $-M$ effect).$B$: $m$-Nitrophenol ($-NO_2$ is an $EWG$ at meta position,only $-I$ effect).$C$: $m$-Methoxyphenol ($-OCH_3$ is an $EDG$ by $+M$ effect but acts as an $EWG$ by $-I$ effect at meta position).$D$: $p$-Methoxyphenol ($-OCH_3$ is a strong $EDG$ by $+M$ effect at para position).Comparing the effects:$A$ is the most acidic due to strong $-M$ effect of $-NO_2$ at para position.$B$ is next,as $-NO_2$ at meta position only shows $-I$ effect.$C$ is less acidic than $B$ because $-OCH_3$ at meta position acts as an $EWG$ ($-I$ effect) but is less effective than $-NO_2$.$D$ is the least acidic due to the strong $+M$ electron-donating effect of $-OCH_3$ at para position.Therefore,the decreasing order of acidic strength is $A > B > C > D$.

Arrange the following compounds in decreasing order of their acidic strength:

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