At $298 \ K$,$\Delta_r U^{\ominus}$ and $\Delta_r S^{\ominus}$ for the following reaction are $-10.5 \ kJ$ and $+44.1 \ J \ K^{-1} \ mol^{-1}$ respectively. The reaction is: $2 \ X_{(g)} + Y_{(g)} \longrightarrow 2 \ Z_{(g)}$. What is $\Delta_r G^{\ominus}$ (in $kJ$) for this reaction? $(R = 8.314 \ J \ K^{-1} \ mol^{-1})$

Fill in the blanks given below:
$(i)$ The law of thermodynamics is actually the law of ......... .
$(ii)$ $A$ thermometer measures temperature according to the ......... law of thermodynamics.
$(iii)$ The foundation of thermochemistry is based on the ......... law of thermodynamics.
$(iv)$ The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by $1^{\circ}C$ is called the ......... of that substance.

For the following reaction occurring in automobiles,the values of $\Delta H, \Delta S, \text{and } \Delta G$ are respectively:
$2C_8H_{18(g)} + 25O_2(g) \rightarrow 16CO_2(g) + 18H_2O(g)$

When $1 \ g$ of $NH_4NO_3$ is decomposed in a bomb calorimeter,the temperature of the calorimeter increases by $6.12 \ K$. If the heat capacity of the system is $1.23 \ kJ/K$,the molar enthalpy of decomposition of $NH_4NO_3$ is ........ $kJ/mol$.

Calculate the work done in $kJ$ when $3$ moles of an ideal gas at $27^{\circ} C$ expand isothermally and reversibly from $10 \ atm$ to $1 \ atm$ $[R=8.314 \ J \ K^{-1} \ mol^{-1}]$

At $25$ $^\circ C$ and $1$ $atm$ pressure,the enthalpies of formation of $C_2H_4(g)$,$CO_2(g)$,and $H_2O(l)$ are $52$,$-394$,and $-286 \, kJ \, mol^{-1}$ respectively. The enthalpy of combustion of $C_2H_4$ is ....... $kJ \, mol^{-1}$.