Bacteria and Cyanobacteria are included under kingdom Monera. Explain in detail the structure of $E.$ Coli bacteria. What kind of body design does it have? State its mode of nutrition.

(N/A) Structure of $E$. Coli bacterium:
$1$. Cell Envelope: $E$. Coli is a prokaryotic organism. Its cell envelope consists of an outer capsule,a cell wall,and a plasma membrane,which provide protection and structural integrity.
$2$. Genetic Material: It lacks a well-defined nucleus. Its genetic material,which is a single circular $DNA$ molecule,is located in a region called the nucleoid.
$3$. Appendages: The surface of the cell has hair-like structures called fimbriae or pili for attachment,and one or more long,whip-like structures called flagella for locomotion.
$4$. Cytoplasm: The cytoplasm contains ribosomes for protein synthesis and various inclusions.
Body Design: It has a simple,unicellular,prokaryotic body design. It is rod-shaped (bacillus).
Mode of Nutrition: $E$. Coli is heterotrophic,specifically a chemoheterotroph,as it obtains nutrients from organic matter in its environment.