Consider the nitration of benzene using mixed | vedclass

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(D) The nitration reaction involves the generation of the electrophile $NO_2^+$ as follows:$HNO_3 + 2H_2SO_4 \rightleftharpoons NO_2^+ + H_3O^+ + 2HSO

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slower.

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(D) The nitration reaction involves the generation of the electrophile $NO_2^+$ as follows:$HNO_3 + 2H_2SO_4 \rightleftharpoons NO_2^+ + H_3O^+ + 2HSO_4^-$When $KHSO_4$ is added,it dissociates completely:$KHSO_4 \rightarrow K^+ + HSO_4^-$Due to the common ion effect of $HSO_4^-$,the concentration of $HSO_4^-$ increases in the reaction mixture.According to Le Chatelier's principle,the equilibrium shifts in the backward direction to counteract the increase in $HSO_4^-$.This results in a decrease in the concentration of the electrophile $NO_2^+$.Since the rate of nitration depends on the concentration of $NO_2^+$,the rate of the nitration process will become slower.

Consider the nitration of benzene using mixed conc. $H_2SO_4$ and $HNO_3$. If a large amount of $KHSO_4$ is added to the mixture,the rate of nitration will be

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