The decreasing order of the rate of electroph | vedclass

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(A) The rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Methyl groups are electron-donating by induct

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$a > b > c > d$

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(A) The rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Methyl groups are electron-donating by inductive and hyperconjugation effects,which increase the electron density of the ring.$(a)$ $1,3,5-$trimethylbenzene (mesitylene) has three methyl groups.$(b)$ $m-$xylene has two methyl groups.$(c)$ $p-$xylene has two methyl groups.$(d)$ Toluene has one methyl group.Comparing $(b)$ and $(c)$,$m-$xylene is more reactive than $p-$xylene because the intermediate carbocation (arenium ion) formed in $m-$xylene is more stable due to the reinforcing effect of the two methyl groups at the ortho and para positions relative to the site of attack. Thus,the order is $a > b > c > d$.

The decreasing order of the rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution is:

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