Define the following terms:
$(i)$ Sere
$(ii)$ Standing state

(N/A) $(i)$ Sere: The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area over a period of time is called a sere.
$(ii)$ Standing state: The amount of inorganic nutrients,such as carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,calcium,etc.,present in the soil at any given time in an ecosystem is referred to as the standing state.