Discuss with your teacher and find out how to distinguish between (Any two):
$(a)$ Plasmid $DNA$ and Chromosomal $DNA$
$(b)$ $RNA$ and $DNA$
$(c)$ Exonuclease and Endonuclease

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(N/A) Plasmid $DNA$ and Chromosomal $DNA$
$1$. Plasmid $DNA$ is autonomously replicable, whereas Chromosomal $DNA$ replicates under nuclear control.
$2$. Plasmid $DNA$ is double-stranded and circular, while Chromosomal $DNA$ can be double-stranded, circular, or linear.
$3$. Plasmid $DNA$ is not associated with histones, whereas Chromosomal $DNA$ is associated with histone proteins.
$4$. Plasmid $DNA$ contains few genes for traits like antibiotic resistance, while Chromosomal $DNA$ contains genes for essential metabolic functions.

$(b)$ $RNA$ and $DNA$
$1$. $RNA$ contains ribose sugar, whereas $DNA$ contains deoxyribose sugar.
$2$. $RNA$ is typically single-stranded, while $DNA$ is double-stranded.
$3$. $RNA$ contains uracil, whereas $DNA$ contains thymine.
$4$. $RNA$ is less stable due to the $2'-OH$ group, while $DNA$ is more stable.

$(c)$ Exonuclease and Endonuclease
$1$. Exonucleases remove nucleotides from the ends of $DNA$, whereas Endonucleases cut $DNA$ at specific internal sites.
$2$. Exonucleases often produce blunt ends, while Endonucleases can produce sticky ends.

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Match the column-$I$ with column-$II$ with respect to the nomenclature of enzyme $Eco RI$ and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
Column-$I$Column-$II$
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$(C) R$$(3)$ Name of species
$(D) I$$(4)$ Name of strain

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