During daylight hours,the rate of photosynthesis is higher than that of respiration,and the ratio of oxygen produced to that of consumed is (in $:1$)

$A$ : Most of the photosynthesis takes place in the blue and red regions of the spectrum.
$R$ : Action spectrum shows the amount of energy of different wavelengths of light absorbed by pigments.

Which one does not differ between a $C_3$ and a $C_4$ plant?
$I.$ Initial $CO_2$ acceptor.
$II.$ Extent of photorespiration.
$III.$ Enzyme catalyzing reaction that fixes $CO_2$.
$IV.$ Presence of Calvin cycle.
$V.$ Leaf anatomy.

For the reduction of one molecule of $CO_2$ with water,the energy required is (in $kcal$)

Consider the following statements.
$I.$ The portion of the spectrum between $300-500 \;nm$ is also referred to as Photosynthetically Active Radiation $(PAR)$.
$II.$ Magnesium,calcium and chloride ions play prominent roles in the photolysis of water.
$III.$ In cyclic photophosphorylation,oxygen is not released (as there is no photolysis of water) and $NADPH$ is also not produced.

Photosynthesis is:
$I.$ Endergonic process
$II.$ Exergonic process
$III.$ Chemical process
$IV.$ Physical process
Select the correct option.