Endemic species are those that are........

Define the following terms:
$1$. Biodiversity
$2$. Species diversity

Statement $A$: As moving from equator to polar region,species diversity decreases.
Statement $R$: Amazon rain forest of South America has less biodiversity.

The Amazon rain forest is estimated to produce what percentage of the total oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere through photosynthesis (in $\%$)?

Spot out the zone of our country considered as the hot spot of biodiversity and regarded as the "Cradle of Speciation".

Given below are two statements.
Statement-$I$: The number of species present in an area is always proportional to the area.
Statement-$II$: For larger areas like the entire continent,the number of species found increases faster than the area explored.