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(A) According to Newton's law of universal gravitation,the gravitational force between the sun and a planet is given by $F = \frac{GMm}{r^2}$.$1$. Sta

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$A$ and $D$ only

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(A) According to Newton's law of universal gravitation,the gravitational force between the sun and a planet is given by $F = \frac{GMm}{r^2}$.$1$. Statement $A$ is correct because $F \propto \frac{1}{r^2}$.$2$. Statement $B$ is incorrect because the force is directly proportional to the product of the masses $(F \propto Mm)$,not inversely proportional.$3$. Statement $C$ is incorrect because the centripetal force (gravitational force) is directed towards the sun,not away from it.$4$. Statement $D$ is correct as it represents Kepler's third law of planetary motion,which states $T^2 \propto a^3$,where $T$ is the time period and $a$ is the semi-major axis.Therefore,statements $A$ and $D$ are correct.

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