Easy
Explain diamagnetism and diamagnetic substances.
(N/A) Diamagnetic substances are those which have a tendency to move from the stronger to the weaker part of an external magnetic field. These substances are repelled by a magnet.
The figure shows a bar of diamagnetic material placed in an external magnetic field.
The magnetic field lines are repelled or expelled,and the field inside the material is reduced.
When placed in a non-uniform magnetic field,the bar will tend to move from a high-field region to a low-field region.
The simplest explanation for diamagnetism is as follows: Electrons in an atom orbiting around the nucleus possess orbital angular momentum. These orbiting electrons are equivalent to a current-carrying loop and thus possess an orbital magnetic moment.
Diamagnetic substances are those in which the resultant magnetic moment in an atom is zero.
When a magnetic field is applied,those electrons having an orbital magnetic moment in the same direction slow down,and those in the opposite direction speed up. Thus,the substance develops a net magnetic moment in a direction opposite to that of the applied field,resulting in repulsion.
Some diamagnetic materials are bismuth,copper,lead,silicon,nitrogen (at $STP$),water,and sodium chloride.
Diamagnetism is present in all substances,but the effect is very weak.
The magnetic susceptibility of diamagnetic substances is small and negative.
The figure shows a bar of diamagnetic material placed in an external magnetic field.
The magnetic field lines are repelled or expelled,and the field inside the material is reduced.
When placed in a non-uniform magnetic field,the bar will tend to move from a high-field region to a low-field region.
The simplest explanation for diamagnetism is as follows: Electrons in an atom orbiting around the nucleus possess orbital angular momentum. These orbiting electrons are equivalent to a current-carrying loop and thus possess an orbital magnetic moment.
Diamagnetic substances are those in which the resultant magnetic moment in an atom is zero.
When a magnetic field is applied,those electrons having an orbital magnetic moment in the same direction slow down,and those in the opposite direction speed up. Thus,the substance develops a net magnetic moment in a direction opposite to that of the applied field,resulting in repulsion.
Some diamagnetic materials are bismuth,copper,lead,silicon,nitrogen (at $STP$),water,and sodium chloride.
Diamagnetism is present in all substances,but the effect is very weak.
The magnetic susceptibility of diamagnetic substances is small and negative.
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View SolutionThree identical bars $A, B$ and $C$ are made of different magnetic materials. When kept in a uniform magnetic field,the field lines around them look as follows: Make the correspondence of these bars with their material being diamagnetic $(D)$,ferromagnetic $(F)$ and paramagnetic $(P)$.
Electrical resistance of certain materials,known as superconductors,changes abruptly from a nonzero value to zero as their temperature is lowered below a critical temperature $T_c(0)$. An interesting property of superconductors is that their critical temperature becomes smaller than $T_c(0)$ if they are placed in a magnetic field,i.e.,the critical temperature $T_c(B)$ is a function of the magnetic field strength $B$. The dependence of $T_c(B)$ on $B$ is shown in the figure.
$1.$ In the graphs below,the resistance $R$ of a superconductor is shown as a function of its temperature $T$ for two different magnetic fields $B_1$ (solid line) and $B_2$ (dashed line). If $B_2 > B_1$,which of the following graphs shows the correct variation of $R$ with $T$ in these fields?
$2.$ $A$ superconductor has $T_c(0) = 100 \ K$. When a magnetic field of $7.5 \ T$ is applied,its $T_c$ decreases to $75 \ K$. For this material,one can definitely say that when:
$(A)$ $B = 5 \ T, T_c(B) = 80 \ K$
$(B)$ $B = 5 \ T, 75 \ K < T_c(B) < 100 \ K$
$(C)$ $B = 10 \ T, 75 \ K < T_c < 100 \ K$
$(D)$ $B = 10 \ T, T_c = 70 \ K$
Give the answer for questions $1$ and $2$.
$1.$ In the graphs below,the resistance $R$ of a superconductor is shown as a function of its temperature $T$ for two different magnetic fields $B_1$ (solid line) and $B_2$ (dashed line). If $B_2 > B_1$,which of the following graphs shows the correct variation of $R$ with $T$ in these fields?
$2.$ $A$ superconductor has $T_c(0) = 100 \ K$. When a magnetic field of $7.5 \ T$ is applied,its $T_c$ decreases to $75 \ K$. For this material,one can definitely say that when:
$(A)$ $B = 5 \ T, T_c(B) = 80 \ K$
$(B)$ $B = 5 \ T, 75 \ K < T_c(B) < 100 \ K$
$(C)$ $B = 10 \ T, 75 \ K < T_c < 100 \ K$
$(D)$ $B = 10 \ T, T_c = 70 \ K$
Give the answer for questions $1$ and $2$.
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