Explain the Right-Hand Thumb Rule and the Maxwell's Corkscrew Rule to determine the direction of the magnetic field due to a current-carrying conductor.

Describe in short an activity to:
$(i)$ demonstrate the pattern of magnetic field lines around a straight current-carrying conductor, and
$(ii)$ find the direction of the magnetic field produced for a given direction of current in the conductor. Name and state the rule to find the direction of the magnetic field associated with a current-carrying conductor. Apply this rule to determine the direction of the magnetic field inside and outside a current-carrying circular loop lying horizontally on a table. Assume that the current through the loop is anticlockwise.

What are the factors on which the magnetic field due to a current carrying solenoid depends?

What does the direction of the thumb indicate in the right-hand thumb rule?

On which principle is electricity generated in a power plant?

Meena draws magnetic field lines of a field close to the axis of a current-carrying circular loop. As she moves away from the centre of the circular loop,she observes that the lines keep on diverging. How will you explain her observation?