Explain the trend observed in ionisation enthalpy when moving from top to bottom in the same group of the periodic table.
(N/A) Ionisation enthalpy and atomic radius are closely related.
When moving from top to bottom in a group,the atomic radius increases as new electron shells are added.
As we descend a group,the outermost electron is placed at a greater distance from the nucleus,and the number of inner shells increases,which leads to a more pronounced shielding effect (or screening effect).
Although the nuclear charge increases,the effect of the increased distance and the shielding effect outweighs the increase in nuclear charge.
Consequently,the force of attraction between the nucleus and the valence electron decreases,making it easier to remove the electron.
Therefore,ionisation enthalpy decreases as we move from top to bottom in a group.
When moving from top to bottom in a group,the atomic radius increases as new electron shells are added.
As we descend a group,the outermost electron is placed at a greater distance from the nucleus,and the number of inner shells increases,which leads to a more pronounced shielding effect (or screening effect).
Although the nuclear charge increases,the effect of the increased distance and the shielding effect outweighs the increase in nuclear charge.
Consequently,the force of attraction between the nucleus and the valence electron decreases,making it easier to remove the electron.
Therefore,ionisation enthalpy decreases as we move from top to bottom in a group.
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If the first ionisation enthalpy of $Li$,$Be$,and $C$ respectively are $520$,$899$,and $1086 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$,the first ionisation enthalpy (in $kJ \ mol^{-1}$) of $B$ will be:
Which has maximum first ionization potential?
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View SolutionGiven below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion $A$ and the other is labelled as Reason $R$.
Assertion $A$: The first ionization enthalpy of $O$ is lower than that of $N$ and $F$.
Reason $R$: The loss of an electron from $O$ leads to a stable half-filled $p$ orbital.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Assertion $A$: The first ionization enthalpy of $O$ is lower than that of $N$ and $F$.
Reason $R$: The loss of an electron from $O$ leads to a stable half-filled $p$ orbital.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
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View SolutionThe $IE_1$ and $IE_2$ of three elements $A$,$B$,and $C$ are given as : ( $IE$ in $kJ/mol$ )
Element $A, B, C$ $IE_1$ $400, 550, 1150$ $IE_2$ $2650, 1070, 2090$
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| Element | $A, B, C$ |
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| $IE_1$ | $400, 550, 1150$ |
| $IE_2$ | $2650, 1070, 2090$ |
Identify the element which represents a nonmetal.
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