Express $\frac{7}{8}$ as a percentage.

$405$ sweets were distributed equally among children in such a way that the number of sweets received by each child is $20 \%$ of the total number of children. How many sweets did each child receive?

If the price of petrol is increased by $20 \%$,by what percentage should the consumption be decreased by the consumer,if the expenditure on petrol remains unchanged (in $\%$)?

The average monthly salary of all the employees in a factory is $Rs$ $8840$. If the average salary of all the officers is $Rs$ $15000$ and that of the remaining employees is $Rs$ $8000$,then what is the percentage of the officers among the employees?

In a test,a candidate secured $468$ marks out of maximum marks $A$. If the maximum marks $A$ were converted to $700$ marks,he would have secured $336$ marks. What were the maximum marks of the test?

$40 \%$ are the passing marks. $A$ student gets $250$ marks yet fails by $38$ marks. What is the maximum marks?