For a reaction to occur spontaneously,which of the following conditions must be met?

  • A
    $(\Delta H - T\Delta S)$ must be negative
  • B
    $(\Delta H + T\Delta S)$ must be negative
  • C
    $\Delta H$ must be negative
  • D
    $\Delta S$ must be negative

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For a chemical reaction $A^{+} + B \rightleftharpoons C^{+} + D$ $(\Delta_{r} H^{0} = 80 \, kJ \, mol^{-1})$,the entropy change $\Delta_{r} S^{0}$ depends on the temperature $T$ (in $K$) as $\Delta_{r} S^{0} = 2T \, J \, K^{-1} \, mol^{-1}$.
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The densities of graphite and diamond at $298 \, K$ are $2.25 \, g \, cm^{-3}$ and $3.31 \, g \, cm^{-3}$ respectively. If the standard free energy difference $(\Delta G^o)$ is $1895 \, J \, mol^{-1}$, the pressure at which graphite will be transformed into diamond at $298 \, K$ is:

$A$ reaction occurs spontaneously if

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