For the following three esters, the order of | vedclass

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(A) Alkaline hydrolysis of esters is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction. The rate of this reaction depends on the electrophilicity of the carbo

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$I > III > II$

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(A) Alkaline hydrolysis of esters is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction. The rate of this reaction depends on the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon.Electron-withdrawing groups $(EWG)$ increase the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon, thereby increasing the rate of hydrolysis.Electron-donating groups $(EDG)$ decrease the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon, thereby decreasing the rate of hydrolysis.Analysis of substituents:$(I)$ $-NO_2$ group: Strong $-R$ and $-I$ effect (Strong $EWG$).$(II)$ $-OCH_3$ group: Strong $+R$ and weak $-I$ effect (Strong $EDG$).$(III)$ $-CH_3$ group: $+I$ effect and hyperconjugation (Weak $EDG$).Order of electrophilicity: $-NO_2 > -CH_3 > -OCH_3$.Therefore, the order of rates of alkaline hydrolysis is $I > III > II$.

For the following three esters, the order of rates of alkaline hydrolysis is:
$(I)$ $p-NO_2-C_6H_4-COOCH_3$
$(II)$ $p-CH_3O-C_6H_4-COOCH_3$
$(III)$ $p-CH_3-C_6H_4-COOCH_3$

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For the following three esters, the order of rates of alkaline hydrolysis is:$(I)$ $p-NO_2-C_6H_4-COOCH_3$$(II)$ $p-CH_3O-C_6H_4-COOCH_3$$(III)$ $p-CH_3-C_6H_4-COOCH_3$